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Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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  1. (Dept. of Korea Rail Network Authority , Korea)
  2. (Dept. of Railroad Electrical System Engineering, Woosong University, Korea)



Fault localization, Grounding test, Transitive phenomenon, Feeding, booster

1. ์„œ๋ก 

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„ ๊ฐœํ†ต์€ 1973๋…„ 6์›” ์ฒญ๋Ÿ‰๋ฆฌโˆผ์ œ์ฒœ๊ฐ„ 155.2km๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ดˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ํก์ƒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ(BT) ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ์šด์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. BT๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋„ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ํˆฌโ€ค๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก์˜ ์ค‘์ถ”์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง€์  ์‹ ์†ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์ถ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด 1974๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„ ๊ฐœํ†ต ์‹œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž… ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(1). ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ต๋ฅ˜์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„์˜ ๊ธ‰์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์€ AT๊ธ‰์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€์ „์„ค๋น„๋Š” ์ „์ฒ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S), ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP), ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SSP), ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „์†Œ(PP)๋กœ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์€ ์•ฝ 10ใŽž ๋‚ดโ€ค์™ธ์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ„ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ 2.5kV ์ „์••์„ ๋Œ€์ง€๋กœ ์ง€๋ฝํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ๊ธฐ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค(2).

๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ธก์ • ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ณด์ • ํ›„ ์ผ์น˜๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง€์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠน๊ณ ์••์„ ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ง€์— ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ํ†ต์‹ , ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋“ฑ ํƒ€ ์„ค๋น„ ์†Œ์† ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ธ์ถ•์— ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ปค์„œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ณ€์ „์„ค๋น„ ์†Œ์†์ด ์šฐ๋ ค๋˜์–ด ์ €์ „์••๊ณ ์žฅํ‘œ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํƒํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— ์ „์›์ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์‹œํ—˜์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 380V ์ „์••์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค(3). ๊ธฐ์กด๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์—๋งŒ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S)์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP) ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฒ€์ถœ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„ ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์ •ยท์—ญ๋น„๊ต๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ˆœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค์™€ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์™€ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ ์ธก ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์†๋˜์–ด๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํŠน๊ณ ์•• ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ„๋กœ ์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์••๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ 2์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 3์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์‹ค์ฆ์‹œํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋งบ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์ •ํ™•๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ์‹

๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์ง€๋ฝ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๋ฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณต๊ตฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ด์ฐจ ์•ˆ์ „ ์šดํ–‰์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ„ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ๋†“๊ณ  ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— 25,000KV๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์••ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๊ฐ’์ด ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ง€๋ฝ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ํ‘œ์ •๋œ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ณด์ • ํ›„ ์ „์›์„ ์žฌํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.1 ํก์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜๋น„ ๋ฐฉ์‹

2.1.1 ํก์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜๋น„ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์›๋ฆฌ

AT๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์ „์„ , ์ „์ฐจ์„  ๋ฐ ์กฐ๊ฐ€์„ ์ด ์ง€๋ฝ ๋ฐ ๋‹จ๋ฝ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ AT์™€ AT์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ง€๋ฝ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ง€์ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ โ€œํก์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜๋น„ ๋ฐฉ์‹โ€๋ผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— ๋ชจ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP) ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „์†Œ(PP)์—๋Š” ์ž์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง€์ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด AT์™€ AT ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ ์— ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 1. AT ๊ธ‰์ „ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ

Fig. 1. Fault current distribution of AT feeder circuit

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig1.png

๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ AT2์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ์  ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.1.2 ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜

AT ํก์ƒ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋น„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์งํ›„์— ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฐ AT์— ๋™์ผ ์œ„์ƒ์˜ ์ „์••์ด ์ธ๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ • ํ•˜์— ์‹์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •์‹์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ „ ์ƒ‰์…˜๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–‘์ชฝ AT์— ์ธ๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ์ „์••์€ ๋™์ผ์œ„์ƒ ์ „์••์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„น์…˜์˜ AT์—์„œ๋„ ํก์ƒ๋˜์–ด ๊ณ„์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์ด ์„ฑ๋ฆฝํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2๋Š” AT1โˆผAT2 ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T-R ๋‹จ๋ฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2. AT1-AT2 ์‚ฌ์ด์— T-R ๋‹จ๋ฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์‹œ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ

Fig. 2. Current distribution between AT1 and AT2 when T-R is short

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig2.png

๊ฐ AT๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ „์•• ์ „์›์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ 1:1 ๋‹จ๊ถŒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ(AT)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ 1์ฐจ ์ธก๊ณผ 2์ฐจ์ธก ์ „์••์ด ๊ฐ™๊ณ , ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ m์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(1)

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ m : AT1์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

D : AT1๊ณผ AT2 ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ,

ZT : Trolley ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

ZR : Rail ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

ZF : Feeder ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

ZTR : Trolley-Rail ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

ZTF : Trolley-Feeder ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

ZRF : Rail-Feeder ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

Ia : AT1 ์œ ์ž…์ „๋ฅ˜

Ib : AT2 ์œ ์ž…์ „๋ฅ˜ (=2I2+2I3+2I4),

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ T-R๋‹จ๋ฝ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. F-R ๋‹จ๋ฝ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(4).

2.2 ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ฒ€์ถœ๋ฐฉ์‹

2.2.1 AT ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ฝ๋˜์Šค

AT๊ธ‰์ „์„ ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ „ํšŒ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋˜์–ด T,R,F์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3. ์ œ๋ชฉ

Fig. 3. ์ œ๋ชฉ

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig3.png

Zaa :(T)์˜ Km๋‹น ์ž๊ธฐ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

Zbb : (R)์˜ Km๋‹น ์ž๊ธฐ์ž„ ๋˜์Šค

Zcc : (F)์˜ Km๋‹น ์ž๊ธฐ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

Zab,Zbc,Zca : (T-R),(R-F),(F-T)์˜ ใŽž๋‹น ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค,

Zg : AT์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4 ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ์œ ๋„ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5 ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. T,R,F์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๋ฐ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ZA=Zaa, ZB=Zbb, ZC=(Zcc+2Zca+Zaa)/4, ZAB=Zaa, ZBC=(Zbc+Zab)/2, ZCA=(Zca+Zaa)/2, i=2I์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4. AT ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

Fig. 4. Equivalent circuit of AT feeder

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig4.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5. ๋„์ฒด ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

Fig. 5. Impedance of conduct circuit

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig5.png

๋˜ T-F ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „์ฐจ์„  ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค Z1, ๊ธ‰์ „์„  ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค Z3, ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ธ‰์ „์„ ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ Z13์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ์ง€์  a1๊ณผ a2์‚ฌ์ด, b1๊ณผ b2์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ dx์—์„œ์˜ ์ „์•• ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฅผ dv1 ๋ฐ dv2๋ผ ํ•˜๋ฉด

๊ต๋ฅ˜์ „์ฐจ ์„ ๋กœ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” i1=-i=i์ž„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ์ด dx ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ „์••๊ฐ•ํ•˜ dv๋Š” dv=-dv1+dv2=(Z1+Z3+Z13)ยทidx.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œT-F์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„ ๊ธธ์ด ๋‹น ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ZT-F=Z1+Z3-2Z13๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค(5).

์ด ๊ฐ’์€ ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ •์ • ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด AT์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์†ก๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ง์„ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ AT์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํŒŒ๋„๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง์„ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํŒŒ์ƒ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์›์ธ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ถค์ ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณก์„ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ AT์˜ ํก์ƒํšจ๊ณผ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. T-F๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์„ ์˜ ์™•๋ณต์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์ž„์œผ๋กœ ์ง์„ ์ด ๋˜๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5์˜ ์ง€์  AT-1์—์„œ์˜ T-R ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” T-F ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์— AT์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์•ฝ 0.45โ„ฆ์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ AT1 ๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ถŒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ AT1์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํก์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  AT2์˜ ํก์ƒํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ  m'๋Š” ์ปค์ ธ์„œ T-F๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์˜ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ  m์˜ 4๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค(๊ทธ๋ฆผ์˜ a, b์ ). ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ ์ด AT1์—์„œ ์ ์  ๋ฉ€์–ด์ ธ AT2์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๋‹จ๊ถŒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ AT1์˜ ํก์ƒ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  AT2์˜ ํก์ƒํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ ธ์„œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์˜ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ ์€ ์ ์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์•™ ์ ์„ ์ง€๋‚œ c์ ์—์„œ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ ์€ 0์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ ์ด ๋งˆ์ด๋„ˆ์Šค๋กœ ๋˜์–ด AT2 ์ง€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” T-F๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์— AT2์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋จ์œผ๋กœ AT๊ธ‰์ „ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฐ(ๅฑฑ) ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋œ๋‹ค(6).

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6. AT ๊ธ‰์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ T-R๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

Fig. 6. T-R short impedance of AT feeder

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig6.png

ํ‘œ 1. ์„ ๋กœ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

Table 1. Railroad impedance

๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(km)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

R

0.3092

0.5741

0.78931

0.9565

1.0758

1.1471

1.1705

1.1459

1.0734

0.953

X

1.2521

2.2431

3.0895

3.7525

4.2320

4.5281

4.6407

4.5699

4.3157

3.878

Z

1.2521

2.3154

3.1887

3.8725

4.3666

4.6711

4.7861

4.7114

4.4472

3.9934

2.3 ์ •โ€ค์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์›๋ฆฌ

๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์— ์ง€๋ฝ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๋ฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ณต๊ตฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ด์ฐจ ์•ˆ์ „์šดํ–‰์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์—๋งŒ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S)๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP) ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ‘œ์ • ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„ ์˜ค์ฐจ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ˆœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค์™€ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(7). ๋˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์™€ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ์ธก ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์†๋˜์–ด๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค(8,9). ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ธก ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP)์—์„œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ฐ’๋„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 7. ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‹

Fig. 7. Fault detection method for uni-direction

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig7.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 8. ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‹

Fig. 8. Fault detection method for bi-direction

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig8.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 9. ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋„

Fig. 9. Fault exam

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig9.png

์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ง€์ ์„ F2๋ผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณ„์ „(f,i)๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

์ด๋•Œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ : f๋Š” ์ˆœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ1๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(d1)๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์‹ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S)๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ : i๋Š” ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ2๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(d2)๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์‹ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S)์˜ ์ค‘์•™์—ฐ์‚ฐ์žฅ์น˜(CONTROLLER)๋Š” ์ œ1์ง€์ (SSP1)๊ณผ ์ œ2์ง€์ (SSP2)์—์„œ ์ „์†ก๋œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ d1, d2๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ํŠน์ •๋œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ข… ์ „์›๊ธฐ์  ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์ œ(๊ตฌ๋กœํ†ตํ•ฉ ๊ด€์ œ์„ผํ„ฐ)๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด๋•Œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฐ์ถœ ํŠน์ • ์‹์€ K P R = K + d 1 + D - ( d 1 + d 2 ) 2 ์ด๋‹ค.

๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X) ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X) ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์งง๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 10์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 10. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ D > d1+d2

Fig. 10. Fault localization graph at D > d1+d2

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig10.png

(2)
k 1 = d 1 + D - ( d 1 + d 2 ) 2

๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X) ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X) ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 11๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 11. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ D < d1+d2

Fig. 11. Fault localization graph at D < d1+d2

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig1.png

2.4 ์ €์ „์•• ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •

๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜์€ ํŠน๊ณ ์••์„ ๋•…์— ๋‹จ๋ฝ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ „์••์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ, ํ†ต์‹ , ์‹ ํ˜ธ์„ค๋น„์— ์ ˆ์—ฐ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดด์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์—ญ์„ฌ๋ฝ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์†Œ์†์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์žฅ์• ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์šดํ–‰์„ ์ œํ•œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํŠน๊ณ ์•• ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์ „์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์ „์›์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ง€์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ „์••ยท์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์ธกํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค(Z), ์œ„์ƒ๊ฐ(ฮธ), ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X), ๋ ˆ์ง€๋˜์Šค(R)์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ํ›„ ๊ณ„์ธก ๊ฐ’์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ โ€œ๋ณ€ํ™˜-ํ™˜์‚ฐโ€์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ ์šฉ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ €์ „์•• ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค(X)๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜(๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„).ํ™”์ผ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— ์‹ค์ œ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜์šฉ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ, ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ์— ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ(CT, PT, ๊ณ„์ธก๊ธฐ)๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž„์˜ ์ง€์ ์— ์ ‘์ง€๊ฑธ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜์ „์›์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์ธก๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค, ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค, ๋ ˆ์ง€์Šคํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ค‘ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜(๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„).ํ™”์ผ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ์ •โ€ค์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์‹ค์ฆ ์‹œํ—˜

3.1 ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •

๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ(์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ) ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„ ์„œ์šธ๊ธฐ์  ์ƒ์„  41.237[km] ์‹ค์ œ ์ง€๋ฝ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์‚ฐ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ํ‘œ์ถœ๋œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 41[km]๋กœ 237m์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ 237m ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ์žฅ์น˜์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 12. ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง€์  41.237km

Fig. 12. Fault location at 41.237 km

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig12.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 13. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜ ํ‘œ์ถœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

Fig. 13. Fault localization device data

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig13.png

3.2 ์ •โ€ค์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •

๋™์ผํ•œ ์ง€๋ฝ์ง€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๋ถ€๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„ ์„œ์šธ๊ธฐ์  ์ƒ์„  41.237[km] ์‹ค์ œ ์ง€๋ฝ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ํ‘œ์ถœ๋œ ๊ณ ์žฅํ‘œ์ • ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 41.15[km]์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ง€์ ๊ณผ์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” 87m๋กœ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 14. ์ •โ€ค์—ญ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, 41.15km

Fig. 14. Final fault localization distance for bi-direction method

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig14.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 15. ์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜

Fig. 15. Fault localization device for direct direction

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig15.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 16. ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜

Fig. 16. Fault localization device for reverse direction

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig16.png

์•ˆ์‚ฐ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ํ‘œ์ถœ๋œ ์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(41.000km)์™€ ๋ด‰๋‹ด๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „์†Œ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ํ‘œ์ถœ๋œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ41.300(km)๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต ํ›„ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 41.15km ํ‘œ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.3 ์ €์ „์•• ๊ณ ์žฅํ‘œ์ • ์‹ค์ฆ์‹œํ—˜

์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„๋Š” ์ˆ˜์„œโˆผํ‰ํƒ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 53km๋กœ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ(S/S)๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์†Œ, ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ(SP) 2๊ฐœ์†Œ, ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „์†Œ(PP) 5๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์ „์•• ์ €์••์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ค‘์›๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์„œ์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ 4.88km ์‹œํ—˜๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ 2k450์ง€์ ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ €์ „์••๊ณ ์žฅํ‘œ์ • ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— ์ „์›์ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์‹œํ—˜์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 380V ์ „์••์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ ์ผ์ • ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์ •์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜๊ฐœ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ์žก์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ •ํ™•๋„๋Š” ๋†’์•„ ์•ฝ 100M ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์ด๋‚ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ์ธ์œ„์  ์ง€๋ฝ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ํ›„ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๋ณด์ •์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ’์ด ํ™•์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ํ๋ฆ„๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 17๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 17. ์‹œํ—˜์ ˆ์ฐจ ํ๋ฆ„๋„

Fig. 17. The flowchart of experimental procedure

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig17.png

3.3.1 ์‹ค์ฆ ์‹œํ—˜

์„ ๋กœ ์ƒยทํ•˜์„  ๋™์‹œ ๊ธ‰์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „, ์ƒยทํ•˜์„ ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์ŠคX(ฮฉ) ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 18๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 18. ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ณก์„ 

Fig. 18. Impedance graph

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig18.png

ํ‘œ 2. ์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’

Table 2. Measured impedance of railroad

๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „ ์‹œ X(โ„ฆ)

๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „ ์‹œ X(โ„ฆ)

์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(km)

F1-ํ•˜์„ 

F2-์ƒ์„ 

์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(km)

F1-ํ•˜์„ 

F2-์ƒ์„ 

0.116

0.35

0.41

0.116

0.35

0.41

4.800(2km 450)

1.51

1.62

4.880

2.13

2.21

์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ์‹ค์ œ ์ €์ „์•• ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 3. ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ์‹œํ—˜ ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ

Table 3. Localization distance and error rate of Fault localization experiment

์‹œํ—˜์žฅ์†Œ(๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ)

๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„

ํ•˜์„ 

์ƒ์„ 

ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ

์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ

ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ

์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ

2km 450

(4.878km)

๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „

2.000

450

4.50

2.600

-150

-1.50

๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „

1.800

650

6.50

2.700

-250

-2.50

- ํ‘œ์ • ํ—ˆ์šฉ์˜ค์ฐจ : 2%์ด๋‚ด

ํ‘œ 4. ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜๊ณผ ๋ณด์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

Table 4. Data for localization and correction

์‹œํ—˜์žฅ์†Œ(๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ)

๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„

์ƒ์„ 

ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜ ์‹œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

๋ณด์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

X-โ„ฆ

ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

X-โ„ฆ

2km 450

(4.878km)

๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „

2.600

2.16

2.500

2.162

๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „

2.700

1.55

2.400

1.530

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ๊ธ‰์ „์‹œ ์‹ค์ œ ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜์‹œ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋ณด์ •๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ’์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ํ›„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜ ์žฌ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ๋ณด์ • ํ›„ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 19, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 20์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 19. ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ๊ธ‰์ „์‹œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ณก์„ 

Fig. 19. Impedance graph of parallel feeder

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig19.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 20. ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „์‹œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ๊ณก์„ ์„ 

Fig. 20. Impedance graph of Separated feeder

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/fig20.png

2ใŽž450 ์ง€์ ์— 1์ฐจ ์ €์••์ง€๋ฝ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฐ’์— ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์ • ํ›„ ์ œ2์ฐจ ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด ์ธก์ •์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ‘œ 5์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 5. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ณด์ • ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ

Table 5. Localization distance and error rate of corrected data

์‹œํ—˜์žฅ์†Œ(๊ตฌ๊ฐ„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ)

๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„

์ƒ์„ 

ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(km)

ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ(m)

์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ(%)

2km 450

(4.878km)

๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ธ‰์ „

2.500

-50

0.50

๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ธ‰์ „

2.400

50

0.50

์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํŠน๊ณ ์••(25,000V) ์‹œํ—˜๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ์ €์ „์••์‹œํ—˜(110โˆผ380V)์‹œํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œ ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ „์••์— ์˜ํ•œ ํƒ€ ์„ค๋น„์— ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ  ์ €์ „์••์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œํ—˜ํšŸ์ˆ˜ ์ œํ•œ์ด ์—†์–ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋‚ด ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ €์ „์•• ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ 114๊ฐœ์†Œ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ œ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜ ์‹œํ–‰ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 42๊ฐœ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ฒ”์œ„(2%)๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ณด์ • ํ›„ ์ €์ „์•• ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜์„ ์žฌ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ฒ”์œ„(2%)์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ •ยท์—ญ๋น„๊ต๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ˆœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค์™€ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ์„ ํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์™€ ๊ธ‰์ „๊ตฌ๋ถ„์†Œ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ์ธก ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์†๋˜์–ด๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํŠน๊ณ ์•• ์ง€๋ฝ์‹œํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณ„๋กœ ์„ ๋กœ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์žฅ์น˜์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์••๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ์— ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ, ํ†ต์‹ , ์‹ ํ˜ธ์„ค๋น„์— ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ „์••์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜๋ช… ๋‹จ์ถ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์ด ์ž ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐœ์„ ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žฌ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์ „์•• ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ง€๋ฝ ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ์ „์••์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์ œ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ดํ™”์™€ ์ธ์ถ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ „์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์ œํ•œ ์—†์ด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ฒ ๋„์™€ ๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์ด ์ƒ์ดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์†์ฒ ๋„์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ฒ ๋„์˜ ๋™์ผ๋…ธ์„  ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์ผ๊ตฌ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ „์ฐจ์„ ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—‰์ผœ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ผ๊ฐ์„ , ๋ณต๋ณต์„ , ์„ ๋กœ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์ , ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๊ธฐ์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ํก์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ถŒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํƒ€์„  ํก์ƒํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ๊ณค๋ž€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์ ์— ์˜ฅ์™ธํ˜• CT, PT๋“ฑ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ์  ํ‘œ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค.

References

1 
KRNA Report , Estimated Report for railway electricrization In 2017Google Search
2 
KRSA-3010-R2 Fault Localization deviceGoogle Search
3 
KRNA Report , 2012, Metropolitan Express train (Suseo) electric railway power supply equipment project report, pp. 22-25Google Search
4 
Kim Jung-Chul, 2004, Feeder system for Electric railway and protection, Gidari publisher, pp. 202-214Google Search
5 
Kim Yang-Su, Yu Hae-Chul, 2009, Electric Railway Engineering, dongil publisher, pp. 105-105Google Search
6 
park Sam-Hong , Yu Hae-Chul, 2010, Electric Railway Professional Engineer, dongil publisher, pp. 17-23Google Search
7 
KRNA Report , 2011, Technology on the electric railway feeder protection system using forward and revers impedance, pp. 17-23Google Search
8 
KRNA Report , 2014, Railway design guide and handbook, KR E-02090, pp. 79-92Google Search
9 
2017, KRNA Electric operation data book, pp. 38-39Google Search

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๊น€ ์„ฑ ์ฒ  (Seong-Cheol Kim)
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1989๋…„ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „์ž๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ

1997๋…„ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „์ž๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ

1997๋…„~ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ์†ก๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ฒ ๋„์ „๊ธฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜

๊น€ ๋ช… ์ˆ˜ (Myeong-Su Kim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.12.1735/au2.png

2018 ์šฐ์†ก๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์ฒ ๋„์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ

2004๋…„~ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ฒ ๋„์‹œ์„ค๊ณต๋‹จ ์ฐจ์žฅ