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Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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  1. (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Myongji University, Korea.)



IEC 61850, GPS error, Time sync error estimation, TL constants estimation, Voltage/Current estimation

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ „๋ ฅ ์œ ํ‹ธ๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ ์ž๋™ํ™” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์ธ IEC 61850 (1)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ์ž๋™ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. IEC 61850์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ฒ„์Šค ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜(Station/Process bus)์˜ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋™์ผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ†ต์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํ”ผ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์••/ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŽธ๋‹จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋งŒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— IEC 61850์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์œ„์น˜์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ IED๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ๋„“์€ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค(2).

๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ค‘ ํ”ผ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์„ค๋น„ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด IEC 61850์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ์ „์˜ 154[kV] ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ SNTP(Simple Network Time Protocol)๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. SNTP ์‹œ๊ฐ๋™๊ธฐ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์€ RFC 5905์— ์ •์˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” NTP(Network Time Protocol)์˜ ์„œ๋ธŒ์…‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋Š” ์•ฝ 1[ms]๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค(3,4). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋”์šฑ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”๊ณ , ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ •๋ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ๋™๊ธฐ ํ‘œ์ค€์ธ IEEE 1588 PTP (Precision Time Protocol) ํ‘œ์ค€(5)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋™์ผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” PTP ์ง€์› ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 1[us] ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ๋™๊ธฐ ์ •๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. PTP ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” Master clock๊ณผ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด์ •ํ•˜๋Š” Slave clock ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ†ต์‹ ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, GPS ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ IED๊ฐ„ ๋™๊ธฐ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ GPS ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋‹จ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ, ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์˜ Master clock์ด ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ์ธก์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ทจ๋“ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ ฅ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(6-8). (6)์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , (7)์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๋‚ด ๋™์ผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ IED ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. (8)์€ IEC 61850 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ 22.9[kV] ๋ชจ์„  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€์‘ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ 1์ฐจ ๋ผ๊ทธ๋ž‘์ฃผ(Lagrange) ๋ณด๊ฐ„๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜ ์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ผ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๋‚ด IED ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‘ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋งŒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์šฉ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ์ธก์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ทจ๋“ํ•˜๋Š” IED์˜ ์˜ค/๋ถ€๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋‹จ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ, ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •/๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋‹จ์ ˆ ์ด์ „, ์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐํ™”๋œ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. GPS fail ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ํŽธ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดํ›„ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ IEC 61850์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด PSCAD๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ IED๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , IEC 61850 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์†ก/์ˆ˜์‹ ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๋ณธ ๋ก 

2.1 ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์ถ”์ •์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ IEC 61850์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์ž๋‹จ/์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์šฉ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ ๊ณ„์ „ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , GPS fail ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง€์† ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง„๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ ์„ ๋กœ์— ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋™์ž‘์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ GPS fail์ด ์—†์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐํ™” ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™๊ธฐํ™” ๋œ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„, GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ GPS fail ์ด์ „์— ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ถ”์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED ๋˜ํ•œ Pick-upํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS fail ์ด์ „์— ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋งŒํผ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒ€ ํ† ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ GPS fail ์ดํ›„ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ณ ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋˜ํ•œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ GPS fail ์ „/ํ›„์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ์™€ ์ „์•• ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ •์น˜(Set) ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ณ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1 ์†ก์ „์„  ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

Fig. 1 ฯ€ equivalent circuit of TL

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.593/fig1.png

2.1.1 ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ •

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2 ์†ก์ „์„  ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

Fig. 2 ฯ€ equivalent circuit of TL

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.593/fig2.png

๋ณธ ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐํ™”๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ดํ™”, ๋„์ฒด ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์˜จ๋„, ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ธฐ์˜จ, ์Šต๋„, ๋Œ€์ง€ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ํ˜น์€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ, ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. IEC 61850์ด Edition 2๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ •๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์†ก/์ˆ˜์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐํ™” ๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ค‘๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์™€๊ฐ™์ด ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ • ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด ๋•Œ ์†ก/์ˆ˜์ „๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์••/ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ VS, IS, VR, IR๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ Z, Y2๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ ์ƒ๋ณ„ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(1)
Z=V2Sโˆ’V2RIRVS+ISVR

(2)
Y=2(ISโˆ’IRVS+VR)

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ์ƒ๋ณ„ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 3์ƒ ์†ก์ „ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์‹œ, ์—ฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ • ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‰ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์†ก์ „ ์„ ๋กœ๋Š” ๋น„์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€์–ด๋„ ์ง€ํ˜•์ด ๊ณ ๋ฅด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„ค๋œ ๊ณณ์ด ๋งŽ์•„ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜•์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์นญ ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€์นญ ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜• 3์ƒ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ‰ํ˜•ํ•œ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(3)
[V0V1V2]=13[1111aa21a2a][VaVbVc] [VaVbVc]=[1111a2a1aa2][V0V1V2] a=ej2ฯ€3

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ V012๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์˜์ƒ๋ถ„, ์ •์ƒ๋ถ„, ์—ญ์ƒ๋ถ„ ์ „์••์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋น„์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜• ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋Œ€์นญ๋ถ„ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๋น„๋Œ€๊ฐ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ 0์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์˜์ƒ๋ถ„, ์ •์ƒ๋ถ„, ์—ญ์ƒ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ˜• ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์šฉ์ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ํ‰ํ˜• ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์นญ๋ถ„ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์ƒ๋ถ„ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ถ”ํ›„ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— ์„ค์น˜๋œ Master clock์˜ GPS ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์œ ํšจํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ GPS fail ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์†ก์‹ ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ์ธก IED๋Š” GPS fail ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ GPS fail ์ด์ „์— ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„ํผ์— ์ €์žฅํ•ด๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.1.2 ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹

GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ ํ•  ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ GPS fail ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ดํ›„ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์˜ Pick-up์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS fail ์ด์ „, ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ IEC 61850์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดํ›„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ƒ๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์ตœ์ข… ํŠธ๋ฆฝ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(4)
VR=VSโˆ’Vd1Vd1=Z1(ISโˆ’Ic1)

(5)
IR=ISโˆ’Ic1โˆ’Ic2Ic1=Y2(VS)Ic2=Y2(VSโˆ’Vd1)

์‹ (4, 5)๋Š” ์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ฯ€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ Vd1, Ic1, Ic2๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์„ ๋กœ ์ „์•• ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์™€ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋Œ€

๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜์™€ GPS fail ์ด์ „์— ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์‹ (4, 5)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€ IEC 61850์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ IED์— ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ (6)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(6)
โˆ VR,Estโˆ’โˆ VR,Receivedโˆ IR,Estโˆ’โˆ IR,Received

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ โˆ VR,Est,โˆ IR,Est๋Š” ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜์ „๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์œ„์ƒ, โˆ VR,Received,โˆ IR,Received๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ „๋‹จ IED๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์œ„์ƒ์ด๋‹ค.

3. ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ์šฉ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์ถ”์ • ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด PSCAD๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์†ก์ „์„  ์–‘๋‹จ์„ 154[kV] ํ…Œ๋ธŒ๋‚œ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ „์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋ง ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋Š” 3,840[Hz]์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3 ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram for case studies

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.593/fig3.png

์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํŠน์ • ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ 2ํšŒ์„  ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ์ฒ ํƒ‘๊ณผ ์„ ์ข… ์ œ์›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์„ค๋น„๋ณ„ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ‘œ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋Š” 2ํšŒ์„  ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ ์ข…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ธ์žฅ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ 2ํšŒ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1 ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์„ค๋น„๋ณ„ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ

Table 1 Parameters of each equipments for target system

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(%Z @ 100 MVA base)

์ „์›

Eq.S

R1+jX1

0.1315+j 0.9914

R0+jX0

0.2630+j 1.9827

Eq.R

R1+jX1

0.3271+j 1.9731

R0+jX0

0.6542+j 3.9462

์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ

[%Z/m]

TL#1

R1+jX1

0.1289+j 1.2554

R0+jX0

0.6935+j 3.1326

Rm+jXm

0.5646+j 1.8772

Y1

j 0.5386

์„ ์ข…/๊ธ์žฅ

A410Bx2B / 8.174[km]

TL#2

์œ„์™€ ๋™์ผ

ํ‘œ 2 ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

Table 2 Transmission line modeling data

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(410x2B)

๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ 

๊ณต์นญ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ 

97[mm2]

์™ธ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ

0.008[m]

์ง๋ฅ˜์ €ํ•ญ

0.3[ohm/km]

๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ๋กœ

TL#1

๊ณต์นญ๋‹จ๋ฉด์ 

410[mm2]

๋ณต๋„์ฒด ์ˆ˜

2

๋ณต๋„์ฒด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ

400[mm]

์™ธ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ

0.0129[m]

์ „์ฒด ์†Œ์„  ์ˆ˜

26

์ตœ์™ธ๊ฐ ์†Œ์„  ์ˆ˜

16

์†Œ์„  ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ

0.00225[m]

์ง๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•ญ

0.0702[ohm/km]

TL#2

์œ„์™€ ๋™์ผ

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์‹ค์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์†ก์ „ ์ฒ ํƒ‘๊ณผ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , PSCAD์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” Universal tower ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์†ก์ „์„ ์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€ ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ‘œ 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4 ์ฒ ํƒ‘ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(๋‹จ์œ„: [mm])

Fig. 4 Tower modeling data(Unit: [mm])

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.593/fig4.png

PSCAD์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” Universal tower ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•œ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ‘œ 1์˜์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 3 ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Table 3 Estimation results of line constants

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ

์ˆ˜์น˜

์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ’

[ohm]

R1

0.30566

jX1

2.97735

C1

9.85018e-8

์ถ”์ •๊ฐ’

[ohm]

R1

0.30557

jX1

2.97689

C1

9.84892e-8

์˜ค์ฐจ์œจ

[%]

R1

0.02853

jX1

0.01546

C1

0.01284

ํ‘œ 3์€ ์‹ (1, 2)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค. R1, jX1, C1์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ •์ƒ๋ถ„ ์ €ํ•ญ, ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ด์Šค, ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ์บํŒจ์‹œํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์ถ”์ •๊ฐ’์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์œ„์—์„œ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ Master clock์˜ GPS ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•  ์‹œ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋ฉฐ, GPS fail ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„ํผ์— ์ €์žฅํ•ด๋‘”๋‹ค. GPS fail์ด ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” ์ปค์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์—์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐ’๋„ ์ปค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋”์šฑ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5 ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜

Fig. 5 Differential currents due to time sync error

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.593/fig5.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋Š” ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋„์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ(8.335[ms])๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋™๊ธฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํŽธ๋‹จ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์•ฝ 2๋ฐฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ์— GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , GPS fail์˜ ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ์— ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด IEC 61850 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์†ก/์ˆ˜์‹ ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด VMware ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ์—

SISCO์‚ฌ์˜ MMS ease lite ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด IEC 61850

๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ IED๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ PSCAD์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ ์†ก์ „์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ˆœ์‹œ์น˜๋ฅผ SV(Sampled Value)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์†ก/์ˆ˜์‹  ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6 ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

Fig. 6 Simulation environment

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๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

๋‹จ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ PSCAD์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ 0[ms]์— ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ „๋‹จ์— ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์™€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ์˜ A์ƒ ์ˆœ์‹œ์น˜ ์ „์••๊ณผ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED ์˜ Pick-up ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” GPS fail์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED๊ฐ€ Pick-up ํ•œ ์ดํ›„, ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ์žฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS fail ์ด์ „์— ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ์„ ๋กœ ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์˜ ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€ IEC 61850์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ € ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ์— ๋ฐ˜ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ฐจ๋™ IED์˜ ์ฐจ๋™ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊ณผ ์ดํ›„์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋„์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชจ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์ƒํ•จ์„ ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7 ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Fig. 7 Simulation results

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4. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ณ„์ „๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋™์ž‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ค์ฐจ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด GPS ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋‹จ์ ˆ ์ด์ „, ์ •์ƒ ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐํ™”๋œ ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. GPS fail ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ํŽธ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดํ›„ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ IEC 61850์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐ ๋ณด์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด PSCAD๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ ๋กœ ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ IED์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ , IEC 61850 SV๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ

IED ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์†ก/์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. GPS fail ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜์™€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , IEC 61850์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜ ํŽ˜์ด์ €์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๋ณ€์ „์†Œ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋‹จ ์ „์••/์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ถ”ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์†ก์ „ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๋น„์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„์—ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์„ ๋กœ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, CT/PT์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์˜ˆ์ • ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ EVM ๋ณด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•œ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด IED์™€ RTDS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ HILS(Hardware In the Loop System) ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด GPS fail ๋ชจ์˜ ํ›„ ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณต์‚ฌ์˜ 2016๋…„ ์„ ์ • ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋น„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ง€์›๋˜์—ˆ์Œ (๊ณผ์ œ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ : R17XA05-2)

This research was supported by Korea Electric Power Corporation. (Grant number : R17XA05-2 )

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Myeong-Hoon Song, Nam-Ho Lee, Soon-Ryul Nam, 2019, A study on IEC 61850 based Centralized 22.9kV Bus Protection considering Time Synchronization Errors, The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 68, No. 8Google Search

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๊น€๋ฏผ์ˆ˜ (Min-Soo Kim)
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He obtained his bachelorโ€™s degree from Myongji Unversity, Korea, in 2012.

He is currently in the unified master and doctorโ€™s course of electrical engineering at Myongji University.

His main research interests are power system protection.

Tel: (031) 336-3280

E-mail: kms5410@gmail.com

๊ฐ•์ƒํฌ (Sang-Hee Kang)
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He is professor at Myongji University, Korea.

He received the B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Seoul National University, Korea in 1985, 1987 and 1993, respectively.

He was a visiting fellow and a visiting scholar at the University of Bath, UK in 1991 and 1999.

He has been also with Next-generation Power Technology Center, Korea since 2001.

He was an honorary academic visitor at the University of Manchester, UK in 2007.

His research interest is to develop digital protection systems for power systems using digital signal processing techniques

Tel: (031) 330-6364

Fax: (031) 330-6816

E-mail: shkang@mju.ac.kr